作者：Kun Jiang；Larry D. Qiu

翻译：陈达飞

来源：VoxChina

原题：China’s Joint Venture Policy and the International Transfer of Technology

The ongoing trade dispute between China and the United States has offered few signs of an immediate resolution. Claims by the U.S. government of unfair trade practices on China’s part center on what the Trump administration argues are abusive practices deriving from China’s investment rules. Specifically, multinational firms seeking to conduct foreign direct investment (FDI) in China are often required to form legal business relationships with a domestic Chinese partner, typically in the form of international joint ventures (IJVs) that establish a new offshoot firm. These relationships – most often required in high-tech manufacturing industries suchas automobile production, electronics, pharmaceuticals, and advanced chemicals– are characterized by explicit technology transfer requirements wherein the rights of the foreign intellectual property holder are often severely curtailed.

中美之间持续不断的贸易争端在短期内似乎没有终结的迹象。美国政府对中国不公平贸易行为的指控，集中在特朗普政府所称的中国投资规则不合理之处。具体来说，寻求在中国进行外商直接投资(FDI)的跨国公司经常被要求与中国国内的合作伙伴建立合法的商业关系，通常是以设立新分支机构的国际合资企业(IJV)的形式。建立合资企业——在汽车生产、电子、制药和先进化学品等高科技制造业中最为常见——的一个特点是明确的技术转让要求。除此之外，外国知识产权持有人的权利往往受到严重限制。